[上古音]:谈部見母,kiam
[广 韵]:古甜切,下平25添,jiān,咸開四平添見
[平水韵]:下平十四盐·去声二十九艳
[唐 音]:*gem,gem
[国 语]:jiān
[粤 语]:gim1
[闽南语]:kiam1,khiam1